Best Players (All Positions) in the Ligue 1 (Dec 2025)
Ranked by Analytical Strength Score
Market Overview: Ligue 1 Players (All Positions) 2022-23
Our database tracked 395 Ligue 1 Players (All Positions) in the 2022-23 season, representing 24 clubs with a combined market value of €3.3B. The average market value for Ligue 1 Players (All Positions) was €8.4M, with the average age at 26.0 years old.
The most valuable player in the Ligue 1 was Khvicha Kvaratskhelia, worth €90.0M and played for Paris Saint-Germain at 24 years old. The top 5 Players (All Positions) averaged €82.0M in market value, including Vitinha and Ousmane Dembélé.
Age distribution showed the youngest tracked player was Ayyoub Bouaddi (18 years, LOSC Lille, €28.0M), while the oldest was Steve Mandanda (40 years, Stade Rennais FC, €500K). Research shows Players (All Positions) typically peak at age 26-27.
Historical analysis showed 217 Players (All Positions) (55%) increased in market value over the following 12 months based on age-curve trajectories, then-current performance trends, and playing time analysis. The Ligue 1 market for Players (All Positions) remained highly competitive with significant transfer activity in the 2022-23 season.
💡 Use the search bar below to find specific players, or apply filters to narrow results by club, age range, or market value. Click the chart icon next to any player to view their historical value trajectory and forecast.
Explore Market Size by Position in Ligue 1
Interactive bubble chart showing predicted 2-year growth vs current age for all Ligue 1 Players (All Positions). Identify undervalued assets and track market momentum across 24 clubs with €3.3B combined value.
Age Distribution: Ligue 1 Players (All Positions)
The Ligue 1 ALL market shows 5 distinct age segments, with the largest cohort in the 30+ bracket (92 players, 23% of market). The 24-26 age group holds the most value at €996.4M, averaging €11.1M per player.
Top Players (All Positions) by Age Bracket
U21 Years (51 players)
21-23 Years (86 players)
24-26 Years (90 players)
27-29 Years (76 players)
Market Value Distribution
Elite Tier Concentration
The top 40 Players (All Positions) (10% of players) control €1.6B
Market Tiers
Market structure shows distributed value with elite (€50m+) tier representing 3% of the Ligue 1 ALL pool.
Elite (€50M+)
Premium (€30-50M)
High (€15-30M)
Club Distribution: Ligue 1 Players (All Positions)
Among 24 Ligue 1 clubs, Paris Saint-Germain leads with 21 Players (All Positions) worth €1.1B (averaging €50.8M per player). The top 10 clubs account for 58% of tracked Players (All Positions).
Paris Saint-Germain (21 Players (All Positions))
Olympique Marseille (27 Players (All Positions))
AS Monaco (25 Players (All Positions))
RC Strasbourg Alsace (25 Players (All Positions))
Player Rankings
Ranked by APE Strength Score. Click any player to view full profile, or click the chart icon to see value history.
Khvicha Kvaratskhelia
Paris Saint-Germain • 24 years old
€77.8M
€90.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €95.9M
95.1
Vitinha
Paris Saint-Germain • 25 years old
€69.2M
€80.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €85.3M
94.9
Ousmane Dembélé
Paris Saint-Germain • 28 years old
€116.2M
€90.0M
-22.6%
Expected: €82.0M
94.0
Achraf Hakimi
Paris Saint-Germain • 27 years old
€84.5M
€80.0M
-5.4%
Expected: €72.9M
93.5
Bradley Barcola
Paris Saint-Germain • 23 years old
€60.5M
€70.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €78.0M
93.4
Nuno Mendes
Paris Saint-Germain • 23 years old
€60.5M
€70.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €78.0M
93.4
João Neves
Paris Saint-Germain • 21 years old
€69.2M
€80.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €91.8M
93.3
Désiré Doué
Paris Saint-Germain • 20 years old
€77.8M
€90.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €107.4M
92.2
Willian Pacho
Paris Saint-Germain • 24 years old
€56.2M
€65.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €69.3M
92.0
Warren Zaïre-Emery
Paris Saint-Germain • 19 years old
€47.6M
€55.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €68.2M
87.9
Maghnes Akliouche
AS Monaco • 23 years old
€38.9M
€45.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €50.1M
87.7
Ilya Zabarnyi
Paris Saint-Germain • 23 years old
€36.3M
€42.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €46.8M
87.0
Gonçalo Ramos
Paris Saint-Germain • 24 years old
€34.6M
€40.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €42.6M
85.9
Mason Greenwood
Olympique Marseille • 24 years old
€34.6M
€40.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €42.6M
85.8
Fabián Ruiz
Paris Saint-Germain • 29 years old
€51.7M
€40.0M
-22.6%
Expected: €34.5M
85.3
Marquinhos
Paris Saint-Germain • 31 years old
€45.2M
€35.0M
-22.6%
Expected: €30.2M
83.9
Igor Paixão
Olympique Marseille • 25 years old
€30.3M
€35.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €35.6M
83.6
Lucas Chevalier
Paris Saint-Germain • 24 years old
€25.9M
€30.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €33.1M
79.9
Denis Zakaria
AS Monaco • 29 years old
€38.7M
€30.0M
-22.6%
Expected: €26.4M
79.0
Mika Biereth
AS Monaco • 22 years old
€25.9M
€30.0M
+15.6%
Expected: €31.8M
78.5
Scout Tools
Advanced analytics for scouting and recruitment decisions. Each tool provides unique insights into player value, potential, and market dynamics.
Pre-Peak Value Efficiency (PPVE)
Identifies pre-peak players offering exceptional value relative to their age bracket. Higher PPVE = better value.
Understanding Pre-Peak Value Efficiency (PPVE)
Paris Saint-Germain's Désiré Doué at 20 years old has the highest Pre-Peak Value Efficiency at 36.00×. That means Désiré Doué is valued 36.00× higher than the median player in the U21 age bracket—representing exceptional value before reaching peak age.
In second is Paris Saint-Germain's Warren Zaïre-Emery, who is 19 years old, with a 22.00× PPVE. Third is Khvicha Kvaratskhelia of Paris Saint-Germain, who is 24 years old with a 16.36× PPVE.
How PPVE is calculated: PPVE compares a player's current market value to the median value of all players in their age bracket. A PPVE of 36.00× means the player is worth 3500% more than typical players their age—making them high-value targets before they reach peak value.
PPVE by Age Bracket
| Rank | Player | Age | Bracket | Current Value | Bracket Median | PPVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Désiré Doué Paris Saint-Germain | 20 | U21 | €90.0M | €2.5M | 36.00× |
| #2 | Warren Zaïre-Emery Paris Saint-Germain | 19 | U21 | €55.0M | €2.5M | 22.00× |
| #3 | Khvicha Kvaratskhelia Paris Saint-Germain | 24 | 24-26 | €90.0M | €5.5M | 16.36× |
| #4 | Vitinha Paris Saint-Germain | 25 | 24-26 | €80.0M | €5.5M | 14.55× |
| #5 | João Neves Paris Saint-Germain | 21 | 21-23 | €80.0M | €6.0M | 13.33× |
| #6 | Malick Fofana Olympique Lyon | 20 | U21 | €30.0M | €2.5M | 12.00× |
| #7 | Willian Pacho Paris Saint-Germain | 24 | 24-26 | €65.0M | €5.5M | 11.82× |
| #8 | Nuno Mendes Paris Saint-Germain | 23 | 21-23 | €70.0M | €6.0M | 11.67× |
| #9 | Bradley Barcola Paris Saint-Germain | 23 | 21-23 | €70.0M | €6.0M | 11.67× |
| #10 | Ayyoub Bouaddi LOSC Lille | 18 | U21 | €28.0M | €2.5M | 11.20× |
| #11 | Arthur Vermeeren Olympique Marseille | 20 | U21 | €22.0M | €2.5M | 8.80× |
| #12 | Mamadou Sarr RC Strasbourg Alsace | 20 | U21 | €20.0M | €2.5M | 8.00× |
| #13 | Guillaume Restes FC Toulouse | 20 | U21 | €20.0M | €2.5M | 8.00× |
| #14 | Maghnes Akliouche AS Monaco | 23 | 21-23 | €45.0M | €6.0M | 7.50× |
| #15 | Mason Greenwood Olympique Marseille | 24 | 24-26 | €40.0M | €5.5M | 7.27× |
| #16 | Gonçalo Ramos Paris Saint-Germain | 24 | 24-26 | €40.0M | €5.5M | 7.27× |
| #17 | Ilya Zabarnyi Paris Saint-Germain | 23 | 21-23 | €42.0M | €6.0M | 7.00× |
| #18 | Igor Paixão Olympique Marseille | 25 | 24-26 | €35.0M | €5.5M | 6.36× |
| #19 | George Ilenikhena AS Monaco | 19 | U21 | €15.0M | €2.5M | 6.00× |
| #20 | Christian Mawissa AS Monaco | 20 | U21 | €15.0M | €2.5M | 6.00× |
Return-to-Peak Potential (RPP)
Recovery potential from current value to forecasted peak. Shows how much upside remains for players approaching their prime.
Understanding Return-to-Peak Potential (RPP)
Paris Saint-Germain's Renato Marin at 19 years old has the highest Return-to-Peak Potential at +52%. That means Renato Marin is projected to appreciate 52% as they reach their peak age in 7 years—representing significant upside before entering their prime.
In second is RC Strasbourg Alsace's Mike Penders, who is 20 years old, with a +48% RPP (6 years to peak). Third is Guillaume Restes of FC Toulouse, who is 20 years old with a +48% RPP (6 years to peak).
How RPP is calculated: RPP compares a player's current market value to their forecasted peak value, calculating the percentage appreciation potential. A 52% RPP means the player is expected to gain 52% value as they enter their prime—making them excellent growth investments.
Recovery Potential by Player
| Rank | Player | Age | Years to Peak | Current | Peak Forecast | RPP % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Renato Marin Paris Saint-Germain | 19 | 7 | €500K | €1.0M | +52% |
| #2 | Mike Penders RC Strasbourg Alsace | 20 | 6 | €12.0M | €23.1M | +48% |
| #3 | Guillaume Restes FC Toulouse | 20 | 6 | €20.0M | €38.4M | +48% |
| #4 | Ayyoub Bouaddi LOSC Lille | 18 | 8 | €28.0M | €50.0M | +44% |
| #5 | Darryl Bakola Olympique Marseille | 18 | 8 | €200K | €357K | +44% |
| #6 | Sidiki Chérif Angers SCO | 18 | 8 | €800K | €1.4M | +44% |
| #7 | Robin Risser RC Lens | 21 | 5 | €1.5M | €2.7M | +44% |
| #8 | Kendry Páez RC Strasbourg Alsace | 18 | 8 | €10.0M | €17.9M | +44% |
| #9 | Kader Meïté Stade Rennais FC | 18 | 8 | €5.0M | €8.9M | +44% |
| #10 | Ethan Mbappé LOSC Lille | 18 | 8 | €5.0M | €8.9M | +44% |
| #11 | Hamidou Makalou Stade Brestois 29 | 19 | 7 | €300K | €536K | +44% |
| #12 | Fodé Sylla RC Lens | 19 | 7 | €1.0M | €1.8M | +44% |
| #13 | George Ilenikhena AS Monaco | 19 | 7 | €15.0M | €24.9M | +40% |
| #14 | Herba Guirassy FC Nantes | 19 | 7 | €1.0M | €1.7M | +40% |
| #15 | Louis Leroux FC Nantes | 19 | 7 | €4.0M | €6.6M | +40% |
| #16 | Julián Vignolo FC Toulouse | 19 | 7 | €400K | €665K | +40% |
| #17 | Warren Zaïre-Emery Paris Saint-Germain | 19 | 7 | €55.0M | €91.4M | +40% |
| #18 | Senny Mayulu Paris Saint-Germain | 19 | 7 | €15.0M | €24.9M | +40% |
| #19 | Lucas Høgsberg RC Strasbourg Alsace | 19 | 7 | €3.5M | €5.8M | +40% |
| #20 | Samuel Amo-Ameyaw RC Strasbourg Alsace | 19 | 7 | €4.0M | €6.6M | +40% |
Risk-Adjusted Upside (RAU)
Upside potential weighted against forecast uncertainty. Higher RAU = better risk-reward profile.
Understanding Risk-Adjusted Upside (RAU)
Paris Saint-Germain's Renato Marin has the highest Risk-Adjusted Upside at 154.3. That means Renato Marin has 40% upside potential with only 0% forecast uncertainty—representing excellent risk-reward for value appreciation.
In second is RC Strasbourg Alsace's Mike Penders with a 118.5 RAU (28% upside, 0% uncertainty). Third is Guillaume Restes of FC Toulouse with a 118.5 RAU (28% upside, 0% uncertainty).
How RAU is calculated: RAU divides upside potential by forecast uncertainty (RAU = Upside % ÷ Uncertainty %). A RAU of 154.3 means the upside is 154.3× greater than the uncertainty—making it a high-confidence growth opportunity. Target RAU ≥2.0 for balanced risk-reward.
Risk-Adjusted Upside by Player
| Rank | Player | Expected | Range | Upside % | RAU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Renato Marin Paris Saint-Germain | €698K | €634K-762K | +40% | 154.3 |
| #2 | Mike Penders RC Strasbourg Alsace | €15.3M | €13.9M-16.8M | +28% | 118.5 |
| #3 | Guillaume Restes FC Toulouse | €25.6M | €23.2M-27.9M | +28% | 118.5 |
| #4 | Robin Risser RC Lens | €1.9M | €1.7M-2.0M | +23% | 103.3 |
| #5 | Melvin Zinga Angers SCO | €344K | €316K-371K | +15% | 79.9 |
| #6 | Ousmane Ba FC Metz | €172K | €158K-186K | +15% | 79.9 |
| #7 | Stefan Bajic RC Strasbourg Alsace | €917K | €844K-991K | +15% | 79.9 |
| #8 | Warren Zaïre-Emery Paris Saint-Germain | €68.2M | €58.8M-77.6M | +24% | 70.0 |
| #9 | Kader Meïté Stade Rennais FC | €6.2M | €5.3M-7.0M | +23% | 68.9 |
| #10 | Ethan Mbappé LOSC Lille | €6.2M | €5.3M-7.0M | +23% | 68.9 |
| #11 | Fodé Sylla RC Lens | €1.2M | €1.1M-1.4M | +23% | 68.9 |
| #12 | Hamidou Makalou Stade Brestois 29 | €370K | €319K-422K | +23% | 68.9 |
| #13 | Ayyoub Bouaddi LOSC Lille | €34.6M | €29.8M-39.3M | +23% | 68.9 |
| #14 | Sidiki Chérif Angers SCO | €988K | €852K-1.1M | +23% | 68.9 |
| #15 | Désiré Doué Paris Saint-Germain | €107.4M | €92.6M-122.2M | +19% | 58.7 |
| #16 | Lucas Chevalier Paris Saint-Germain | €33.1M | €30.4M-35.7M | +10% | 58.1 |
| #17 | Théo De Percin AJ Auxerre | €331K | €304K-357K | +10% | 58.1 |
| #18 | Arthur Vermeeren Olympique Marseille | €26.2M | €22.6M-29.8M | +19% | 58.0 |
| #19 | Herba Guirassy FC Nantes | €1.2M | €1.0M-1.4M | +19% | 58.0 |
| #20 | Samuel Amo-Ameyaw RC Strasbourg Alsace | €4.8M | €4.1M-5.4M | +19% | 58.0 |
Roster Pressure Index (RPI)
Squad depth pressure based on Z-score distribution. Negative RPI = thin depth, positive = deep roster.
What This Shows
Z-Score explained: Measures how many standard deviations a player's strength is from the position average. Z-Score = 0 means average, +1.0 is one standard deviation above average, -1.0 is below average.
How to use: RPI < -1.0 indicates critical depth shortage. These positions need immediate reinforcement. RPI > +1.0 suggests strong depth, allowing selective, high-value additions only.
Current market: player position shows weak depth (avg Z-score: -0.00). RPI: -0.00.
Position Depth Analysis
Highest Z-Scores
Lowest Z-Scores
Age-Share Concentration (ASC)
Identifies players capturing disproportionate value relative to age group representation. Positive ASC = value concentration.
Understanding Age-Share Concentration (ASC)
LOSC Lille's Thomas Meunier in the 30+ age bracket has the highest Age-Share Concentration at +-13.3%. That means Marquinhos captures 10.0% of total market value while representing only 23.3% of players in their age group—showing dominant elite status.
In second is Without Club's Wahbi Khazri with a +-13.3% ASC (10.0% value share vs 23.3% player share in 30+ bracket). Third is Florent Hanin of Angers SCO with a +-13.3% ASC (10.0% value vs 23.3% players in 30+ bracket).
How ASC is calculated: ASC = (% of total value) - (% of total players) in age bracket. A +-13.3% ASC means the player captures -13.3% more market value than their numerical representation—indicating marquee status. ASC > +15% = elite dominance, ASC < -15% = potential value targets.
Value Concentration by Player
| Rank | Player | Age Bracket | Value Share | Player Share | ASC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Thomas Meunier LOSC Lille | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #2 | Wahbi Khazri Without Club | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #3 | Florent Hanin Angers SCO | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #4 | Karl-Johan Johnsson RC Strasbourg Alsace | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #5 | Rachid Ghezzal Olympique Lyon | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #6 | Paul Pogba AS Monaco | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #7 | Andy Delort AC Ajaccio | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #8 | Loïc Nego Le Havre AC | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #9 | Ismaily is a 35-year old football player aus Brazil Without Club | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #10 | Nikola Maksimović NK Kustosija Zagreb | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #11 | Benjamin Leroy FC Lorient | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #12 | Samuel Umtiti LOSC Lille | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #13 | Jonathan Gradit RC Lens | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #14 | Benjamin Stambouli FC Metz | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #15 | Maxime Dupé OGC Nice | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #16 | Geoffrey Kondogbia Olympique Marseille | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #17 | Nicolás Tagliafico Olympique Lyon | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #18 | Haris Belkebla Angers SCO | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #19 | Yvon Mvogo FC Lorient | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
| #20 | Maxime Colin FC Metz | 30+ | 10.0% | 23.3% | -13.3% |
Buy-Now vs Wait-List Map
Categorizes players by age position and upside potential to guide timing of acquisition.
What This Shows
How to use: "Buy Now - High Upside" = immediate priority targets. "Watch List" = monitor for 6-12 months. "Peak" = pay premium for proven performers. "Aging" = short-term depth only.
Current market: 28 immediate targets, 123 standard acquisitions, 0 watch-list prospects, 131 at peak.
BUY NOW - High Upside
WATCH LIST - High Upside
No players in this category
BUY NOW - Medium Upside
PEAK Players
Price vs Peer Z-Score
IQR-based pricing analysis relative to position peers. Identifies over/undervalued players vs market.
What This Shows
How to use: Z-score < -1.5 = significantly undervalued (potential bargain). Z-score > +1.5 = premium pricing (requires strong justification). Within ±1.0 = fair market value.
Current market: Position median is €800K. 3 undervalued, 15 premium.
Value Positioning vs Peers
| Player | Market Value | Position Median | Z-Score | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Melvin Bard OGC Nice | €15.0M | €4.0M | -1.67 | Undervalued |
Terem Moffi OGC Nice | €15.0M | €4.0M | -1.67 | Undervalued |
Hicham Boudaoui OGC Nice | €15.0M | €4.0M | -1.67 | Undervalued |
Sofiane Alakouch Paris FC | €250K | €4.0M | -1.35 | Good Value |
Álex Domínguez FC Toulouse | €300K | €4.0M | -1.31 | Good Value |
Lamine Gueye Paris FC | €300K | €4.0M | -1.31 | Good Value |
Kjetil Haug FC Toulouse | €600K | €4.0M | -1.08 | Good Value |
Arthur Avom FC Lorient | €5.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Kader Meïté Stade Rennais FC | €5.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Takumi Minamino AS Monaco | €15.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Assane Dioussé AJ Auxerre | €700K | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Denis Zakaria AS Monaco | €30.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Timothy Weah Olympique Marseille | €17.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Achraf Hakimi Paris Saint-Germain | €80.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Warren Zaïre-Emery Paris Saint-Germain | €55.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Ethan Mbappé LOSC Lille | €5.0M | €4.0M | -1.00 | Good Value |
Bingourou Kamara FC Lorient | €800K | €4.0M | -0.92 | Good Value |
Yanis Zouaoui Le Havre AC | €800K | €4.0M | -0.92 | Good Value |
Juma Bah OGC Nice | €6.0M | €4.0M | -0.80 | Good Value |
Mika Biereth AS Monaco | €30.0M | €4.0M | -0.80 | Good Value |