Best Attacking Midfielders in the Bundesliga (Dec 2025)

Ranked by Analytical Strength Score

Market Overview: Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders 2022-23

Our database tracked 39 Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders in the 2022-23 season, representing 20 clubs with a combined market value of €486.3M. The average market value for Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders was €12.5M, with the average age at 25.5 years old.

The most valuable attacking midfielder in the Bundesliga was Jamal Musiala, worth €140.0M and played for Bayern Munich at 22 years old. The top 5 Attacking Midfielders averaged €49.8M in market value, including Malik Tillman and Bilal El Khannouss.

Age distribution showed the youngest tracked attacking midfielder was Patrice Covic (18 years, SV Werder Bremen, €2.5M), while the oldest was Andrej Kramaric (34 years, TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, €4.0M). Research shows Attacking Midfielders typically peak at age 26.

Historical analysis showed 23 Attacking Midfielders (59%) increased in market value over the following 12 months based on age-curve trajectories, then-current performance trends, and playing time analysis. The Bundesliga market for Attacking Midfielders remained actively developing with emerging talent in the 2022-23 season.

💡 Use the search bar below to find specific players, or apply filters to narrow results by club, age range, or market value. Click the chart icon next to any player to view their historical value trajectory and forecast.

Market Intelligence

Explore Market Size by Position in Bundesliga

Interactive bubble chart showing predicted 2-year growth vs current age for all Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders. Identify undervalued assets and track market momentum across 20 clubs with €486.3M combined value.

Players Tracked

By League

Premier League La Liga Bundesliga Serie A Ligue 1

By Position

GK CB LB RB CDM

More Positions

CM CAM LW RW ST

By Season

2025-26 2024-25 2023-24 2022-23

Age Distribution: Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders

The Bundesliga CAM market shows 5 distinct age segments, with the largest cohort in the 21-23 bracket (9 players, 23% of market). The 21-23 age group holds the most value at €254.0M, averaging €28.2M per player.

U21 years7 players (18%)

€71.5MAvg: €10.2M

Top player: Can Uzun (€18.0M)

21-23 years9 players (23%)

€254.0MAvg: €28.2M

Top player: Jamal Musiala (€140.0M)

24-26 years7 players (18%)

€67.2MAvg: €9.6M

Top player: Fábio Vieira (€22.0M)

27-29 years8 players (21%)

€71.6MAvg: €9.0M

Top player: Julian Brandt (€25.0M)

30+ years8 players (21%)

€22.0MAvg: €2.8M

Top player: Andrej Kramaric (€4.0M)

Top Attacking Midfielders by Age Bracket

U21 Years (7 players)

1. Can Uzun(20yo)

€18.0M

2. Claudio Echeverri(19yo)

€18.0M

3. Ibrahim Maza(20yo)

€12.0M

4. Bence Dárdai(19yo)

€12.0M

5. Mert Kömür(20yo)

€5.0M

21-23 Years (9 players)

1. Jamal Musiala(22yo)

€140.0M

2. Malik Tillman(23yo)

€32.0M

3. Bilal El Khannouss(21yo)

€28.0M

4. Paul Nebel(23yo)

€24.0M

5. Farès Chaïbi(23yo)

€9.0M

24-26 Years (7 players)

1. Fábio Vieira(25yo)

€22.0M

2. Romano Schmid(25yo)

€17.0M

3. Christoph Baumgartner(26yo)

€12.0M

4. Yuito Suzuki(24yo)

€10.0M

5. Woo-yeong Jeong(26yo)

€4.0M

27-29 Years (8 players)

1. Julian Brandt(29yo)

€25.0M

2. Lovro Majer(27yo)

€17.0M

3. Cameron Puertas(27yo)

€13.0M

4. Alexis Claude-Maurice(27yo)

€12.0M

5. Adrian Beck(28yo)

€2.0M

Market Value Distribution

Elite Tier Concentration

46%of market value

The top 4 Attacking Midfielders (10% of players) control €224.0M

1. Jamal Musiala€140.0M

2. Malik Tillman€32.0M

3. Bilal El Khannouss€28.0M

4. Paul Nebel€24.0M

Market Tiers

Elite (€50M+)1 players (3%)

€140.0M

Premium (€30-50M)1 players (3%)

€32.0M

High (€15-30M)8 players (21%)

€169.0M

Mid (€5-15M)11 players (28%)

€105.0M

Emerging (<€5M)18 players (46%)

€40.3M

Market structure shows distributed value with elite (€50m+) tier representing 3% of the Bundesliga CAM pool.

Elite (€50M+)

1. Jamal Musiala

Bayern Munich€140.0M

Premium (€30-50M)

1. Malik Tillman

Bayer 04 Leverkusen€32.0M

High (€15-30M)

1. Bilal El Khannouss

VfB Stuttgart€28.0M

2. Paul Nebel

1.FSV Mainz 05€24.0M

3. Julian Brandt

Borussia Dortmund€25.0M

4. Fábio Vieira

Hamburger SV€22.0M

5. Romano Schmid

SV Werder Bremen€17.0M

Club Distribution: Bundesliga Attacking Midfielders

Among 20 Bundesliga clubs, Bayern Munich leads with 1 Attacking Midfielders worth €140.0M (averaging €140.0M per player). The top 10 clubs account for 62% of tracked Attacking Midfielders.

Bayern Munich

1 players • €140.0M

Bayer 04 Leverkusen

4 players • €64.0M

SV Werder Bremen

4 players • €33.5M

VfL Wolfsburg

3 players • €33.0M

Eintracht Frankfurt

3 players • €31.0M

VfB Stuttgart

1 players • €28.0M

1.FSV Mainz 05

2 players • €26.5M

Borussia Dortmund

1 players • €25.0M

Hamburger SV

2 players • €24.0M

#10

FC Augsburg

3 players • €23.0M

Bayern Munich (1 Attacking Midfielders)

Jamal Musiala(22yo)

€140.0M

Bayer 04 Leverkusen (4 Attacking Midfielders)

Malik Tillman(23yo)

€32.0M

Claudio Echeverri(19yo)

€18.0M

Ibrahim Maza(20yo)

€12.0M

Jonas Hofmann(33yo)

€2.0M

SV Werder Bremen (4 Attacking Midfielders)

Romano Schmid(25yo)

€17.0M

Cameron Puertas(27yo)

€13.0M

Patrice Covic(18yo)

€2.5M

Isak Hansen-Aarøen(21yo)

€1.0M

VfL Wolfsburg (3 Attacking Midfielders)

Lovro Majer(27yo)

€17.0M

Bence Dárdai(19yo)

€12.0M

Christian Eriksen(33yo)

€4.0M

Player Rankings

Ranked by APE Strength Score. Click any player to view full profile, or click the chart icon to see value history.

Jamal Musiala

Bayern Munich • 22 years old

€121.1M

€140.0M

+15.6%

€131.1M€177.4M

Expected: €154.2M

94.4

Malik Tillman

Bayer 04 Leverkusen • 23 years old

€27.7M

€32.0M

+15.6%

€30.3M€41.0M

Expected: €35.7M

82.6

Bilal El Khannouss

VfB Stuttgart • 21 years old

€24.2M

€28.0M

+15.6%

€26.6M€37.7M

Expected: €32.1M

76.7

Paul Nebel

1.FSV Mainz 05 • 23 years old

€20.8M

€24.0M

+15.6%

€22.7M€30.8M

Expected: €26.7M

76.1

Julian Brandt

Borussia Dortmund • 29 years old

€32.3M

€25.0M

-22.6%

€18.2M€24.7M

Expected: €21.5M

75.3

Fábio Vieira

Hamburger SV • 25 years old

€19.0M

€22.0M

+15.6%

€19.0M€25.7M

Expected: €22.4M

74.1

Romano Schmid

SV Werder Bremen • 25 years old

€14.7M

€17.0M

+15.6%

€14.7M€19.9M

Expected: €17.3M

70.9

Can Uzun

Eintracht Frankfurt • 20 years old

€15.6M

€18.0M

+15.6%

€17.8M€25.2M

Expected: €21.5M

70.7

Lovro Majer

VfL Wolfsburg • 27 years old

€18.0M

€17.0M

-5.4%

€13.1M€17.7M

Expected: €15.4M

70.5

#10

Claudio Echeverri

Bayer 04 Leverkusen • 19 years old

€15.6M

€18.0M

+15.6%

€18.5M€26.2M

Expected: €22.3M

70.1

#11

Cameron Puertas

SV Werder Bremen • 27 years old

€13.7M

€13.0M

-5.4%

€10.0M€13.5M

Expected: €11.8M

67.2

#12

Alexis Claude-Maurice

FC Augsburg • 27 years old

€12.7M

€12.0M

-5.4%

€9.2M€12.5M

Expected: €10.9M

66.2

#13

Christoph Baumgartner

RB Leipzig • 26 years old

€10.4M

€12.0M

+15.6%

€10.9M€14.8M

Expected: €12.9M

66.2

#14

Ibrahim Maza

Bayer 04 Leverkusen • 20 years old

€10.4M

€12.0M

+15.6%

€11.9M€16.8M

Expected: €14.3M

65.7

#15

Bence Dárdai

VfL Wolfsburg • 19 years old

€10.4M

€12.0M

+15.6%

€12.3M€17.4M

Expected: €14.9M

65.1

#16

Yuito Suzuki

SC Freiburg • 24 years old

€8.6M

€10.0M

+15.6%

€8.7M€11.8M

Expected: €10.2M

61.1

#17

Farès Chaïbi

Eintracht Frankfurt • 23 years old

€7.8M

€9.0M

+15.6%

€8.2M€11.1M

Expected: €9.6M

60.3

#18

Giovanni Reyna

Borussia Mönchengladbach • 23 years old

€6.1M

€7.0M

+15.6%

€6.4M€8.6M

Expected: €7.5M

57.2

#19

Muhammed Damar

TSG 1899 Hoffenheim • 21 years old

€6.1M

€7.0M

+15.6%

€6.4M€9.0M

Expected: €7.7M

56.0

#20

Fabian Rieder

FC Augsburg • 23 years old

€5.2M

€6.0M

+15.6%

€5.5M€7.4M

Expected: €6.4M

55.4

Showing 1-20 of 39

Scout Tools

Advanced analytics for scouting and recruitment decisions. Each tool provides unique insights into player value, potential, and market dynamics.

Pre-Peak Value Efficiency (PPVE)

Identifies pre-peak players offering exceptional value relative to their age bracket. Higher PPVE = better value.

Understanding Pre-Peak Value Efficiency (PPVE)

Bayern Munich's Jamal Musiala at 22 years old has the highest Pre-Peak Value Efficiency at 15.56×. That means Jamal Musiala is valued 15.56× higher than the median player in the 21-23 age bracket—representing exceptional value before reaching peak age.

In second is Bayer 04 Leverkusen's Malik Tillman, who is 23 years old, with a 3.56× PPVE. Third is Bilal El Khannouss of VfB Stuttgart, who is 21 years old with a 3.11× PPVE.

How PPVE is calculated: PPVE compares a player's current market value to the median value of all players in their age bracket. A PPVE of 15.56× means the player is worth 1456% more than typical players their age—making them high-value targets before they reach peak value.

PPVE by Age Bracket

Jamal MusialaBayern Munich

21-23 • 22yo15.56×

€140.0M • 1456% above median

Malik TillmanBayer 04 Leverkusen

21-23 • 23yo3.56×

€32.0M • 256% above median

Bilal El KhannoussVfB Stuttgart

21-23 • 21yo3.11×

€28.0M • 211% above median

Paul Nebel1.FSV Mainz 05

21-23 • 23yo2.67×

€24.0M • 167% above median

Can UzunEintracht Frankfurt

U21 • 20yo1.50×

€18.0M • 50% above median

Claudio EcheverriBayer 04 Leverkusen

U21 • 19yo1.50×

€18.0M • 50% above median

Fábio VieiraHamburger SV

24-26 • 25yo1.29×

€22.0M • 29% above median

Romano SchmidSV Werder Bremen

24-26 • 25yo1.00×

€17.0M • 0% above median

Bence DárdaiVfL Wolfsburg

U21 • 19yo1.00×

€12.0M • 0% above median

Farès ChaïbiEintracht Frankfurt

21-23 • 23yo1.00×

€9.0M • 0% above median

Ibrahim MazaBayer 04 Leverkusen

U21 • 20yo1.00×

€12.0M • 0% above median

Giovanni ReynaBorussia Mönchengladbach

21-23 • 23yo0.78×

€7.0M • -22% above median

Muhammed DamarTSG 1899 Hoffenheim

21-23 • 21yo0.78×

€7.0M • -22% above median

Fabian RiederFC Augsburg

21-23 • 23yo0.67×

€6.0M • -33% above median

Yuito SuzukiSC Freiburg

24-26 • 24yo0.59×

€10.0M • -41% above median

Rank	Player	Age	Bracket	Current Value	Bracket Median	PPVE
#1	Jamal Musiala Bayern Munich	22	21-23	€140.0M	€9.0M	15.56×
#2	Malik Tillman Bayer 04 Leverkusen	23	21-23	€32.0M	€9.0M	3.56×
#3	Bilal El Khannouss VfB Stuttgart	21	21-23	€28.0M	€9.0M	3.11×
#4	Paul Nebel 1.FSV Mainz 05	23	21-23	€24.0M	€9.0M	2.67×
#5	Can Uzun Eintracht Frankfurt	20	U21	€18.0M	€12.0M	1.50×
#6	Claudio Echeverri Bayer 04 Leverkusen	19	U21	€18.0M	€12.0M	1.50×
#7	Fábio Vieira Hamburger SV	25	24-26	€22.0M	€17.0M	1.29×
#8	Romano Schmid SV Werder Bremen	25	24-26	€17.0M	€17.0M	1.00×
#9	Bence Dárdai VfL Wolfsburg	19	U21	€12.0M	€12.0M	1.00×
#10	Farès Chaïbi Eintracht Frankfurt	23	21-23	€9.0M	€9.0M	1.00×
#11	Ibrahim Maza Bayer 04 Leverkusen	20	U21	€12.0M	€12.0M	1.00×
#12	Giovanni Reyna Borussia Mönchengladbach	23	21-23	€7.0M	€9.0M	0.78×
#13	Muhammed Damar TSG 1899 Hoffenheim	21	21-23	€7.0M	€9.0M	0.78×
#14	Fabian Rieder FC Augsburg	23	21-23	€6.0M	€9.0M	0.67×
#15	Yuito Suzuki SC Freiburg	24	24-26	€10.0M	€17.0M	0.59×
#16	Mert Kömür FC Augsburg	20	U21	€5.0M	€12.0M	0.42×
#17	Arijon Ibrahimovic 1.FC Heidenheim 1846	20	U21	€4.0M	€12.0M	0.33×
#18	Patrice Covic SV Werder Bremen	18	U21	€2.5M	€12.0M	0.21×
#19	Immanuel Pherai Hamburger SV	24	24-26	€2.0M	€17.0M	0.12×
#20	Isak Hansen-Aarøen SV Werder Bremen	21	21-23	€1.0M	€9.0M	0.11×

Return-to-Peak Potential (RPP)

Recovery potential from current value to forecasted peak. Shows how much upside remains for players approaching their prime.

Understanding Return-to-Peak Potential (RPP)

SV Werder Bremen's Patrice Covic at 18 years old has the highest Return-to-Peak Potential at +44%. That means Patrice Covic is projected to appreciate 44% as they reach their peak age in 8 years—representing significant upside before entering their prime.

In second is Bayer 04 Leverkusen's Claudio Echeverri, who is 19 years old, with a +40% RPP (7 years to peak). Third is Bence Dárdai of VfL Wolfsburg, who is 19 years old with a +40% RPP (7 years to peak).

How RPP is calculated: RPP compares a player's current market value to their forecasted peak value, calculating the percentage appreciation potential. A 44% RPP means the player is expected to gain 44% value as they enter their prime—making them excellent growth investments.

Recovery Potential by Player

Patrice CovicSV Werder Bremen

8yr to peak+44%

€2.5M → €4.5M

Claudio EcheverriBayer 04 Leverkusen

7yr to peak+40%

€18.0M → €29.9M

Bence DárdaiVfL Wolfsburg

7yr to peak+40%

€12.0M → €19.9M

Ibrahim MazaBayer 04 Leverkusen

6yr to peak+35%

€12.0M → €18.5M

Arijon Ibrahimovic1.FC Heidenheim 1846

6yr to peak+35%

€4.0M → €6.2M

Mert KömürFC Augsburg

6yr to peak+35%

€5.0M → €7.7M

Can UzunEintracht Frankfurt

6yr to peak+35%

€18.0M → €27.8M

Isak Hansen-AarøenSV Werder Bremen

5yr to peak+30%

€1.0M → €1.4M

Bilal El KhannoussVfB Stuttgart

5yr to peak+30%

€28.0M → €40.2M

Muhammed DamarTSG 1899 Hoffenheim

5yr to peak+30%

€7.0M → €10.1M

Jamal MusialaBayern Munich

4yr to peak+25%

€140.0M → €187.2M

Paul Nebel1.FSV Mainz 05

3yr to peak+20%

€24.0M → €29.8M

Fabian RiederFC Augsburg

3yr to peak+20%

€6.0M → €7.5M

Malik TillmanBayer 04 Leverkusen

3yr to peak+20%

€32.0M → €39.8M

Farès ChaïbiEintracht Frankfurt

3yr to peak+20%

€9.0M → €11.2M

Rank	Player	Age	Years to Peak	Current	Peak Forecast	RPP %
#1	Patrice Covic SV Werder Bremen	18	8	€2.5M	€4.5M	+44%
#2	Claudio Echeverri Bayer 04 Leverkusen	19	7	€18.0M	€29.9M	+40%
#3	Bence Dárdai VfL Wolfsburg	19	7	€12.0M	€19.9M	+40%
#4	Ibrahim Maza Bayer 04 Leverkusen	20	6	€12.0M	€18.5M	+35%
#5	Arijon Ibrahimovic 1.FC Heidenheim 1846	20	6	€4.0M	€6.2M	+35%
#6	Mert Kömür FC Augsburg	20	6	€5.0M	€7.7M	+35%
#7	Can Uzun Eintracht Frankfurt	20	6	€18.0M	€27.8M	+35%
#8	Isak Hansen-Aarøen SV Werder Bremen	21	5	€1.0M	€1.4M	+30%
#9	Bilal El Khannouss VfB Stuttgart	21	5	€28.0M	€40.2M	+30%
#10	Muhammed Damar TSG 1899 Hoffenheim	21	5	€7.0M	€10.1M	+30%
#11	Jamal Musiala Bayern Munich	22	4	€140.0M	€187.2M	+25%
#12	Paul Nebel 1.FSV Mainz 05	23	3	€24.0M	€29.8M	+20%
#13	Fabian Rieder FC Augsburg	23	3	€6.0M	€7.5M	+20%
#14	Malik Tillman Bayer 04 Leverkusen	23	3	€32.0M	€39.8M	+20%
#15	Farès Chaïbi Eintracht Frankfurt	23	3	€9.0M	€11.2M	+20%
#16	Giovanni Reyna Borussia Mönchengladbach	23	3	€7.0M	€8.7M	+20%
#17	Immanuel Pherai Hamburger SV	24	2	€2.0M	€2.3M	+14%
#18	Yuito Suzuki SC Freiburg	24	2	€10.0M	€11.6M	+14%
#19	Romano Schmid SV Werder Bremen	25	1	€17.0M	€18.3M	+7%
#20	Fábio Vieira Hamburger SV	25	1	€22.0M	€23.7M	+7%

Risk-Adjusted Upside (RAU)

Upside potential weighted against forecast uncertainty. Higher RAU = better risk-reward profile.

Understanding Risk-Adjusted Upside (RAU)

VfL Wolfsburg's Bence Dárdai has the highest Risk-Adjusted Upside at 56.0. That means Claudio Echeverri has 24% upside potential with only 0% forecast uncertainty—representing excellent risk-reward for value appreciation.

In second is Bayer 04 Leverkusen's Claudio Echeverri with a 56.0 RAU (24% upside, 0% uncertainty). Third is Patrice Covic of SV Werder Bremen with a 55.1 RAU (23% upside, 0% uncertainty).

How RAU is calculated: RAU divides upside potential by forecast uncertainty (RAU = Upside % ÷ Uncertainty %). A RAU of 56.0 means the upside is 56.0× greater than the uncertainty—making it a high-confidence growth opportunity. Target RAU ≥2.0 for balanced risk-reward.

Risk-Adjusted Upside by Player

Bence DárdaiVfL Wolfsburg

↑24% / ±0%56.0

Range: €12.3M - €17.4M

Claudio EcheverriBayer 04 Leverkusen

↑24% / ±0%56.0

Range: €18.5M - €26.2M

Patrice CovicSV Werder Bremen

↑23% / ±0%55.1

Range: €2.6M - €3.6M

Can UzunEintracht Frankfurt

↑19% / ±0%47.0

Range: €17.8M - €25.2M

Ibrahim MazaBayer 04 Leverkusen

↑19% / ±0%47.0

Range: €11.9M - €16.8M

Bilal El KhannoussVfB Stuttgart

↑15% / ±0%37.3

Range: €26.6M - €37.7M

Arijon Ibrahimovic1.FC Heidenheim 1846

↑15% / ±0%37.1

Range: €3.8M - €5.4M

Mert KömürFC Augsburg

↑15% / ±0%37.1

Range: €4.7M - €6.7M

Malik TillmanBayer 04 Leverkusen

↑11% / ±0%34.2

Range: €30.3M - €41.0M

Paul Nebel1.FSV Mainz 05

↑11% / ±0%34.2

Range: €22.7M - €30.8M

Jamal MusialaBayern Munich

↑10% / ±0%30.7

Range: €131.1M - €177.4M

Isak Hansen-AarøenSV Werder Bremen

↑10% / ±0%26.9

Range: €912K - €1.3M

Muhammed DamarTSG 1899 Hoffenheim

↑10% / ±0%26.9

Range: €6.4M - €9.0M

Christoph BaumgartnerRB Leipzig

↑7% / ±0%22.3

Range: €10.9M - €14.8M

Farès ChaïbiEintracht Frankfurt

↑7% / ±0%22.0

Range: €8.2M - €11.1M

Rank	Player	Expected	Range	Upside %	RAU
#1	Bence Dárdai VfL Wolfsburg	€14.9M	€12.3M-17.4M	+24%	56.0
#2	Claudio Echeverri Bayer 04 Leverkusen	€22.3M	€18.5M-26.2M	+24%	56.0
#3	Patrice Covic SV Werder Bremen	€3.1M	€2.6M-3.6M	+23%	55.1
#4	Can Uzun Eintracht Frankfurt	€21.5M	€17.8M-25.2M	+19%	47.0
#5	Ibrahim Maza Bayer 04 Leverkusen	€14.3M	€11.9M-16.8M	+19%	47.0
#6	Bilal El Khannouss VfB Stuttgart	€32.1M	€26.6M-37.7M	+15%	37.3
#7	Arijon Ibrahimovic 1.FC Heidenheim 1846	€4.6M	€3.8M-5.4M	+15%	37.1
#8	Mert Kömür FC Augsburg	€5.7M	€4.7M-6.7M	+15%	37.1
#9	Malik Tillman Bayer 04 Leverkusen	€35.7M	€30.3M-41.0M	+11%	34.2
#10	Paul Nebel 1.FSV Mainz 05	€26.7M	€22.7M-30.8M	+11%	34.2
#11	Jamal Musiala Bayern Munich	€154.2M	€131.1M-177.4M	+10%	30.7
#12	Isak Hansen-Aarøen SV Werder Bremen	€1.1M	€912K-1.3M	+10%	26.9
#13	Muhammed Damar TSG 1899 Hoffenheim	€7.7M	€6.4M-9.0M	+10%	26.9
#14	Christoph Baumgartner RB Leipzig	€12.9M	€10.9M-14.8M	+7%	22.3
#15	Farès Chaïbi Eintracht Frankfurt	€9.6M	€8.2M-11.1M	+7%	22.0
#16	Giovanni Reyna Borussia Mönchengladbach	€7.5M	€6.4M-8.6M	+7%	22.0
#17	Fabian Rieder FC Augsburg	€6.4M	€5.5M-7.4M	+7%	22.0
#18	Anderson Niangbo Without Club	€154K	€131K-178K	+3%	9.6
#19	Woo-yeong Jeong 1.FC Union Berlin	€4.1M	€3.5M-4.7M	+3%	9.6
#20	Immanuel Pherai Hamburger SV	€2.0M	€1.7M-2.4M	+2%	7.8

Roster Pressure Index (RPI)

Squad depth pressure based on Z-score distribution. Negative RPI = thin depth, positive = deep roster.

What This Shows

Z-Score explained: Measures how many standard deviations a player's strength is from the position average. Z-Score = 0 means average, +1.0 is one standard deviation above average, -1.0 is below average.

How to use: RPI < -1.0 indicates critical depth shortage. These positions need immediate reinforcement. RPI > +1.0 suggests strong depth, allowing selective, high-value additions only.

Current market: attacking midfielder position shows weak depth (avg Z-score: -0.00). RPI: -0.00.

Position Depth Analysis

Total Players

-0.00

Avg Z-Score

-0.00

RPI Score

Weak DepthStrong Depth

-3.00+3.0

Highest Z-Scores

Jamal Musiala+5.71

Malik Tillman+0.87

Bilal El Khannouss+0.70

Julian Brandt+0.56

Paul Nebel+0.52

Lowest Z-Scores

Anderson Niangbo-0.55

László Kleinheisler-0.54

Blendi Idrizi-0.54

Daniel-Kofi Kyereh-0.52

Isak Hansen-Aarøen-0.51

Age-Share Concentration (ASC)

Identifies players capturing disproportionate value relative to age group representation. Positive ASC = value concentration.

Understanding Age-Share Concentration (ASC)

Bayer 04 Leverkusen's Malik Tillman in the 21-23 age bracket has the highest Age-Share Concentration at +29.2%. That means Jamal Musiala captures 52.2% of total market value while representing only 23.1% of players in their age group—showing dominant elite status.

In second is 1.FSV Mainz 05's Paul Nebel with a +29.2% ASC (52.2% value share vs 23.1% player share in 21-23 bracket). Third is Giovanni Reyna of Borussia Mönchengladbach with a +29.2% ASC (52.2% value vs 23.1% players in 21-23 bracket).

How ASC is calculated: ASC = (% of total value) - (% of total players) in age bracket. A +29.2% ASC means the player captures 29.2% more market value than their numerical representation—indicating marquee status. ASC > +15% = elite dominance, ASC < -15% = potential value targets.